Value lost due to electrical outages (% of sales for affected firms) - Country Ranking

Definition: Average losses due to electrical outages, as percentage of total annual sales. The value represents average losses for all firms which reported outages (please see indicator IC.ELC.OUTG.ZS).

Source: World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

Find indicator:
Rank Country Value Year
1 Pakistan 33.80 2013
2 Central African Republic 25.10 2011
3 Yemen 19.70 2013
4 Zambia 18.80 2019
5 Nepal 17.00 2013
6 Congo 16.40 2009
7 Ghana 15.80 2013
7 Sierra Leone 15.80 2017
9 Nigeria 15.60 2014
10 Tanzania 15.10 2013
11 The Gambia 14.20 2018
12 Madagascar 13.60 2013
13 Angola 12.60 2010
14 Uganda 11.20 2013
15 Cameroon 9.90 2016
16 Chad 9.80 2018
17 Afghanistan 9.60 2014
18 Benin 9.40 2016
18 Timor-Leste 9.40 2015
20 Mali 8.80 2016
20 Iraq 8.80 2011
22 Venezuela 8.30 2010
23 Morocco 7.90 2019
24 Dem. Rep. Congo 7.80 2013
25 Malawi 7.20 2014
26 Eswatini 7.00 2016
27 Ethiopia 6.90 2015
28 Samoa 6.60 2009
29 Zimbabwe 6.10 2016
29 Liberia 6.10 2017
31 Burkina Faso 5.80 2009
32 Cabo Verde 5.50 2009
32 South Africa 5.50 2020
32 Niger 5.50 2017
32 Bangladesh 5.50 2013
36 Kenya 5.40 2018
37 Guinea-Bissau 5.20 2006
38 Côte d'Ivoire 4.90 2016
38 Fiji 4.90 2009
40 Namibia 4.80 2014
41 Guinea 4.70 2016
41 Papua New Guinea 4.70 2015
43 Djibouti 4.60 2013
44 Solomon Islands 4.30 2015
45 Thailand 4.10 2016
46 Bhutan 3.70 2015
46 Botswana 3.70 2010
46 Honduras 3.70 2016
46 Togo 3.70 2016
46 India 3.70 2014
51 Cambodia 3.60 2016
52 Burundi 3.40 2014
52 Mexico 3.40 2010
52 Brazil 3.40 2009
55 Mozambique 3.20 2018
56 Dominican Republic 3.10 2016
57 Uzbekistan 3.00 2019
57 Sri Lanka 3.00 2011
59 Guyana 2.80 2010
59 Senegal 2.80 2014
61 Nicaragua 2.70 2016
62 Paraguay 2.50 2017
62 Lesotho 2.50 2016
62 Myanmar 2.50 2016
65 Montenegro 2.40 2019
65 Mauritania 2.40 2014
65 Rwanda 2.40 2019
68 Mauritius 2.20 2009
68 Vietnam 2.20 2015
70 Panama 2.10 2010
70 Peru 2.10 2017
70 St. Kitts and Nevis 2.10 2010
73 Indonesia 1.90 2015
73 North Macedonia 1.90 2019
73 Albania 1.90 2019
73 Colombia 1.90 2017
77 Malaysia 1.80 2015
77 Turkey 1.80 2019
79 Kazakhstan 1.70 2019
79 Costa Rica 1.70 2010
79 Cyprus 1.70 2019
79 Gabon 1.70 2009
83 Azerbaijan 1.50 2019
83 The Bahamas 1.50 2010
83 Romania 1.50 2019
83 Tonga 1.50 2009
87 Guatemala 1.40 2017
88 China 1.30 2012
88 Chile 1.30 2010
90 Italy 1.20 2019
90 Sudan 1.20 2014
92 El Salvador 1.10 2016
92 Suriname 1.10 2018
92 Lithuania 1.10 2019
92 Moldova 1.10 2019
92 Kyrgyz Republic 1.10 2019
92 Ecuador 1.10 2017
92 Vanuatu 1.10 2009
99 Grenada 1.00 2010
100 Bulgaria 0.90 2019
100 Serbia 0.90 2019
100 Lao PDR 0.90 2018
100 Bolivia 0.90 2017
104 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.80 2019
104 Argentina 0.80 2017
104 Croatia 0.80 2019
104 Ukraine 0.80 2019
104 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 0.80 2010
104 Philippines 0.80 2015
110 Armenia 0.70 2020
110 Lebanon 0.70 2019
112 Tunisia 0.60 2020
112 Tajikistan 0.60 2019
112 Slovak Republic 0.60 2019
115 Portugal 0.50 2019
115 Malta 0.50 2019
115 Georgia 0.50 2019
115 Poland 0.50 2019
119 Latvia 0.40 2019
119 Ireland 0.40 2020
119 Slovenia 0.40 2019
119 Trinidad and Tobago 0.40 2010
119 Belgium 0.40 2020
124 Belarus 0.30 2018
124 Greece 0.30 2018
124 Uruguay 0.30 2017
124 Russia 0.30 2019
124 Jordan 0.30 2019
124 Czech Republic 0.30 2019
130 Barbados 0.20 2010
130 Hungary 0.20 2019
130 Mongolia 0.20 2019
130 Antigua and Barbuda 0.20 2010
130 Finland 0.20 2020
130 Jamaica 0.20 2010
130 Egypt 0.20 2020
130 Eritrea 0.20 2009
138 Estonia 0.10 2019
138 Denmark 0.10 2020
138 Belize 0.10 2010
138 Netherlands 0.10 2020
138 Israel 0.10 2013
138 Dominica 0.10 2010
138 Sweden 0.10 2020
145 Luxembourg 0.00 2020
145 St. Lucia 0.00 2010

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Development Relevance: Firms evaluating investment options, governments interested in improving business conditions, and economists seeking to explain economic performance have all grappled with defining and measuring the business environment. The firm-level data from Enterprise Surveys provide a useful tool for benchmarking economies across a large number of indicators measured at the firm level. The reliability and availability of infrastructure benefit households and support development. Firms with access to modern and efficient infrastructure - telecommunications, electricity, and transport - can be more productive. A strong infrastructure enhances the competitiveness of an economy and generates a business environment conducive to firm growth and development. Good infrastructure efficiently connects firms to their customers and suppliers, and enables the use of modern production technologies. Conversely, deficiencies in infrastructure, such as loss of electricity on regular basis, create barriers to productive opportunities and increase costs for all firms, from micro enterprises to large multinational corporations.

Limitations and Exceptions: The sampling methodology for Enterprise Surveys is stratified random sampling. In a simple random sample, all members of the population have the same probability of being selected and no weighting of the observations is necessary. In a stratified random sample, all population units are grouped within homogeneous groups and simple random samples are selected within each group. This method allows computing estimates for each of the strata with a specified level of precision while population estimates can also be estimated by properly weighting individual observations. The sampling weights take care of the varying probabilities of selection across different strata. Under certain conditions, estimates' precision under stratified random sampling will be higher than under simple random sampling (lower standard errors may result from the estimation procedure). The strata for Enterprise Surveys are firm size, business sector, and geographic region within a country. Firm size levels are 5-19 (small), 20-99 (medium), and 100+ employees (large-sized firms). Since in most economies, the majority of firms are small and medium-sized, Enterprise Surveys oversample large firms since larger firms tend to be engines of job creation. Sector breakdown is usually manufacturing, retail, and other services. For larger economies, specific manufacturing sub-sectors are selected as additional strata on the basis of employment, value-added, and total number of establishments figures. Geographic regions within a country are selected based on which cities/regions collectively contain the majority of economic activity. Ideally the survey sample frame is derived from the universe of eligible firms obtained from the country’s statistical office. Sometimes the master list of firms is obtained from other government agencies such as tax or business licensing authorities. In some cases, the list of firms is obtained from business associations or marketing databases. In a few cases, the sample frame is created via block enumeration, where the World Bank “manually” constructs a list of eligible firms after 1) partitioning a country’s cities of major economic activity into clusters and blocks, 2) randomly selecting a subset of blocks which will then be enumerated. In surveys conducted since 2005-06, survey documentation which explains the source of the sample frame and any special circumstances encountered during survey fieldwork are included with the collected datasets. Obtaining panel data, i.e. interviews with the same firms across multiple years, is a priority in current Enterprise Surveys. When conducting a new Enterprise Survey in a country where data was previously collected, maximal effort is expended to re-interview as many firms (from the prior survey) as possible. For these panel firms, sampling weights can be adjusted to take into account the resulting altered probabilities of inclusion in the sample frame.

Original Source Notes: All surveys were administered using the Enterprise Surveys methodology as outlined in the Methodology page which can be found from www.enterprisesurveys.org.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Firm-level surveys have been conducted since the 1990's by different units within the World Bank. Since 2005-06, most data collection efforts have been centralized within the Enterprise Analysis Unit. Surveys implemented by the Enterprise Analysis Unit follow the Global Methodology. Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and bribery-related topics, private contractors, rather than any government agency or an organization/institution associated with government, are hired by the World Bank to collect the data. Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised. The Enterprise Survey is answered by business owners and top managers. Sometimes the survey respondent calls company accountants and human resource managers into the interview to answer questions in the sales and labor sections of the survey. Typically 1200-1800 interviews are conducted in larger economies, 360 interviews are conducted in medium-sized economies, and for smaller economies, 150 interviews take place. The manufacturing and services sectors are the primary business sectors of interest. This corresponds to firms classified with ISIC codes 15-37, 45, 50-52, 55, 60-64, and 72 (ISIC Rev.3.1). Formal (registered) companies with 5 or more employees are targeted for interview. Services firms include construction, retail, wholesale, hotels, restaurants, transport, storage, communications, and IT. Firms with 100% government/state ownership are not eligible to participate in an Enterprise Survey. Occasionally, for a few surveyed countries, other sectors are included in the companies surveyed such as education or health-related businesses. In each country, businesses in the cities/regions of major economic activity are interviewed. In some countries, other surveys, which depart from the usual Enterprise Survey methodology, are conducted. Examples include 1) Informal Surveys- surveys of informal (unregistered) enterprises, 2) Micro Surveys- surveys fielded to registered firms with less than five employees, and 3) Financial Crisis Assessment Surveys- short surveys administered by telephone to assess the effects of the global financial crisis of 2008-09. The Enterprise Surveys Unit uses two instruments: the Manufacturing Questionnaire and the Services Questionnaire. Although many questions overlap, some are only applicable to one type of business. For example, retail firms are not asked about production and nonproduction workers. The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. The mode of data collection is face-to-face interviews.

Aggregation method: Unweighted average

Periodicity: Annual