CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total) - Country Ranking

Definition: Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

Find indicator:
Rank Country Value Year
1 Mongolia 121.63 2016
2 South Africa 93.98 2016
3 Estonia 92.04 2016
4 Lao PDR 90.15 2016
5 Lesotho 75.28 2016
6 Bosnia and Herzegovina 72.36 2016
7 Dem. People's Rep. Korea 72.08 2016
8 China 70.83 2016
9 India 69.46 2016
10 Serbia 67.24 2016
11 Hong Kong SAR, China 66.38 1989
12 Afghanistan 65.35 2016
13 Zimbabwe 64.33 2016
14 Poland 63.86 2016
15 Czech Republic 62.14 2016
16 Kazakhstan 60.14 2016
17 Montenegro 56.13 2016
18 Bulgaria 53.52 2016
19 Ukraine 52.67 2016
20 Korea 50.42 2016
21 Botswana 50.22 2016
22 North Macedonia 46.25 2016
23 Australia 44.95 2016
24 Indonesia 43.20 2016
25 Mauritius 42.48 2016
26 Slovak Republic 41.79 2016
27 Germany 39.96 2016
28 Turkey 39.54 2016
29 Finland 38.61 2016
30 Tajikistan 37.47 2016
31 Japan 37.03 2016
32 Philippines 36.82 2016
33 Vietnam 36.27 2016
34 Kyrgyz Republic 35.91 2016
35 New Caledonia 33.41 1989
36 Madagascar 32.68 2016
37 Israel 31.95 2016
38 Malaysia 31.39 2016
39 Chile 31.36 2016
40 Romania 29.20 2016
41 Russia 28.85 2016
42 Nepal 27.99 2016
43 Slovenia 27.64 2016
44 Cambodia 27.11 2016
45 United States 27.07 2016
46 Eswatini 26.24 2016
47 Greece 25.79 2016
48 Morocco 25.76 2016
49 Bhutan 25.34 2016
50 Sri Lanka 25.22 2016
51 Netherlands 23.91 2016
52 Guatemala 23.82 2016
53 Colombia 23.25 2016
54 Thailand 22.69 2016
55 Portugal 22.14 2016
56 Ireland 20.82 2016
57 Denmark 20.31 2016
58 Sweden 20.25 2016
59 Hungary 19.94 2016
60 Niger 18.24 2016
61 Iceland 18.07 2016
62 Austria 17.97 2016
63 Senegal 17.45 2016
64 Malawi 15.91 2016
65 Spain 15.76 2016
66 Zambia 15.28 2016
67 Brazil 15.23 2016
68 Italy 15.15 2014
69 Croatia 14.59 2016
70 New Zealand 14.54 2016
71 Pakistan 13.67 2016
72 Canada 11.96 2016
73 United Kingdom 11.88 2016
74 Dominican Republic 11.75 2016
75 France 11.34 2014
76 Belgium 11.19 2016
77 Georgia 10.49 2016
78 Mexico 9.94 2016
79 Bangladesh 8.44 2016
80 Ethiopia 7.85 2016
81 Panama 7.73 2016
82 Norway 7.58 2016
83 Kenya 6.95 2016
84 Tanzania 6.72 2016
85 Lithuania 6.29 2016
86 Belarus 5.72 2016
87 Peru 5.69 2016
88 Uzbekistan 5.68 2016
89 Myanmar 5.53 2016
90 Honduras 4.64 2016
91 Benin 4.41 2016
92 Singapore 3.97 2016
93 Costa Rica 3.72 2016
94 United Arab Emirates 3.50 2016
95 Jordan 3.44 2016
96 Moldova 3.33 2016
97 Namibia 3.20 2016
98 Burundi 3.19 2016
99 Yemen 2.97 2016
100 Jamaica 2.51 2016
101 Lebanon 2.32 2016
102 Luxembourg 2.28 2016
103 Latvia 2.15 2016
104 Argentina 1.63 2016
105 Switzerland 1.12 2016
106 Mozambique 0.89 2016
107 Egypt 0.58 2016
108 Iran 0.57 2016
109 Albania 0.30 2016
110 Venezuela 0.29 2016
111 Uruguay 0.17 2016
112 The Bahamas 0.17 2016
113 Nigeria 0.11 2016
114 Armenia 0.07 2016
115 Paraguay 0.05 2016
116 Cuba 0.03 2016
117 Syrian Arab Republic 0.01 2016
118 Azerbaijan 0.01 2016
119 Dem. Rep. Congo 0.00 2016
119 Belize 0.00 2016
119 Brunei 0.00 2016
119 Eritrea 0.00 2016
119 Guinea 0.00 2016
119 The Gambia 0.00 2016
119 Guinea-Bissau 0.00 2016
119 Equatorial Guinea 0.00 2016
119 Cyprus 0.00 2016
119 Comoros 0.00 2016
119 Algeria 0.00 2016
119 Ecuador 0.00 2016
119 Bolivia 0.00 2016
119 Barbados 0.00 2016
119 Central African Republic 0.00 2016
119 Burkina Faso 0.00 2016
119 Bahrain 0.00 2016
119 Andorra 0.00 2016
119 Antigua and Barbuda 0.00 2016
119 Macao SAR, China 0.00 1989
119 Mali 0.00 2016
119 Malta 0.00 2016
119 Angola 0.00 2016
119 Iraq 0.00 2016
119 Kiribati 0.00 2016
119 Kuwait 0.00 2016
119 Libya 0.00 2016
119 Haiti 0.00 2016
119 Guyana 0.00 2016
119 Grenada 0.00 2016
119 Greenland 0.00 1989
119 Gabon 0.00 2016
119 Cayman Islands 0.00 1989
119 Djibouti 0.00 2016
119 Dominica 0.00 2016
119 Côte d'Ivoire 0.00 2016
119 Cameroon 0.00 2016
119 Congo 0.00 2016
119 Cabo Verde 0.00 2016
119 Ghana 0.00 2016
119 Fiji 0.00 2016
119 St. Kitts and Nevis 0.00 2016
119 Liberia 0.00 2016
119 St. Lucia 0.00 2016
119 Liechtenstein 0.00 2016
119 Papua New Guinea 0.00 2016
119 Mauritania 0.00 2016
119 Samoa 0.00 2016
119 Turkmenistan 0.00 2016
119 Tonga 0.00 2016
119 El Salvador 0.00 2016
119 Saudi Arabia 0.00 2016
119 Sudan 0.00 2016
119 Suriname 0.00 2016
119 Chad 0.00 2016
119 Togo 0.00 2016
119 Timor-Leste 0.00 2016
119 Trinidad and Tobago 0.00 2016
119 Tunisia 0.00 2016
119 Tuvalu 0.00 2016
119 Uganda 0.00 2016
119 Solomon Islands 0.00 2016
119 Sierra Leone 0.00 2016
119 Somalia 0.00 2016
119 São Tomé and Principe 0.00 2016
119 Seychelles 0.00 2016
119 Palau 0.00 2016
119 Qatar 0.00 2016
119 Rwanda 0.00 2016
119 Nicaragua 0.00 2016
119 Nauru 0.00 2016
119 Oman 0.00 2016
119 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 0.00 2016
119 Vanuatu 0.00 2016

More rankings: Africa | Asia | Central America & the Caribbean | Europe | Middle East | North America | Oceania | South America | World |

Development Relevance: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is naturally occurring gas fixed by photosynthesis into organic matter. A byproduct of fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning, it is also emitted from land use changes and other industrial processes. It is the principal anthropogenic greenhouse gas that affects the Earth's radiative balance. It is the reference gas against which other greenhouse gases are measured, thus having a Global Warming Potential of 1. An emission intensity is the average emission rate of a given pollutant from a given source relative to the intensity of a specific activity. Emission intensities are also used to compare the environmental impact of different fuels or activities. The related terms - emission factor and carbon intensity - are often used interchangeably. Burning of carbon-based fuels since the industrial revolution has rapidly increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, increasing the rate of global warming and causing anthropogenic climate change. It is also a major source of ocean acidification since it dissolves in water to form carbonic acid. The addition of man-made greenhouse gases to the Atmosphere disturbs the earth's radiative balance. This is leading to an increase in the earth's surface temperature and to related effects on climate, sea level rise and world agriculture. Emissions of CO2 are from burning oil, coal and gas for energy use, burning wood and waste materials, and from industrial processes such as cement production. The carbon dioxide emissions of a country are only an indicator of one greenhouse gas. For a more complete idea of how a country influences climate change, gases such as methane and nitrous oxide should be taken into account. This is particularly important in agricultural economies. The environmental effects of carbon dioxide are of significant interest. Carbon dioxide (CO2) makes up the largest share of the greenhouse gases contributing to global warming and climate change. Converting all other greenhouse gases (methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)) to carbon dioxide (or CO2) equivalents makes it possible to compare them and to determine their individual and total contributions to global warming. The Kyoto Protocol, an environmental agreement adopted in 1997 by many of the parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), is working towards curbing CO2 emissions globally.

Limitations and Exceptions: The U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) calculates annual anthropogenic emissions from data on fossil fuel consumption (from the United Nations Statistics Division's World Energy Data Set) and world cement manufacturing (from the U.S. Department of Interior's Geological Survey, USGS 2011). Although estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions are probably accurate within 10 percent (as calculated from global average fuel chemistry and use), country estimates may have larger error bounds. Trends estimated from a consistent time series tend to be more accurate than individual values. Each year the CDIAC recalculates the entire time series since 1949, incorporating recent findings and corrections. Estimates exclude fuels supplied to ships and aircraft in international transport because of the difficulty of apportioning the fuels among benefiting countries.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) calculates annual anthropogenic emissions from data on fossil fuel consumption (from the United Nations Statistics Division's World Energy Data Set) and world cement manufacturing (from the U.S. Department of Interior's Geological Survey (USGS 2011)). Although estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions are probably accurate within 10 percent (as calculated from global average fuel chemistry and use), country estimates may have larger error bounds. Trends estimated from a consistent time series tend to be more accurate than individual values. Each year the CDIAC recalculates the entire time series since 1949, incorporating recent findings and corrections. Estimates exclude fuels supplied to ships and aircraft in international transport because of the difficulty of apportioning the fuels among benefiting countries.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual